AK-47 Field Repair Kit: Best Field Fix + [Tools]


AK-47 Field Repair Kit: Best Field Fix + [Tools]

A group of instruments and elements designed for sustaining and fixing the AK-47 rifle in places the place formal armorer companies are unavailable. These kits sometimes embody objects like punches, drifts, spare springs, cleansing instruments, and small substitute elements. For instance, a damaged firing pin may very well be changed within the area utilizing the instruments and a spare firing pin from the equipment.

The provision of implements for repairs straight impacts the operational readiness and longevity of the firearm. That is significantly essential in environments the place logistical help is proscribed or nonexistent. Traditionally, such provisions have been very important for navy forces, paramilitary teams, and civilian homeowners working in distant or austere situations, making certain the weapon stays useful and dependable.

The next dialogue will element the precise elements generally discovered inside these collections, discover beneficial upkeep procedures facilitated by their contents, and description greatest practices for using them successfully in varied area situations.

1. Pin Punches

Throughout the austere confines of a distant outpost, or amidst the chaos of a protracted engagement, the standard pin punch, nestled throughout the confines of the restore implement, assumes a task far exceeding its modest dimension. These instruments are devices of preservation, important for disassembling and reassembling essential elements of the AK-47. A jammed security selector, a dislodged set off pin, or a broken extractor spring, every necessitates the exact software of a pin punch to revive performance. Failure to have such a device available can render the rifle inoperable, reworking it from a potent weapon right into a ineffective weight.

Contemplate the plight of a lone patrol, their AK-47 rendered ineffective by a bent retaining pin within the set off mechanism. With out a pin punch, the weapon stays disabled, exposing the patrol to elevated hazard. With the proper punch, the broken pin could be extracted, a substitute put in, and the rifle returned to service, probably averting a catastrophe. The provision of assorted sizes ensures that the proper device is at all times at hand, minimizing the chance of injury to the rifle throughout the restore course of. Their inclusion underscores the understanding that even minor elements can have a major impression on the general efficiency and value of the weapon.

The presence of pin punches throughout the AK-47 toolkit isn’t merely a matter of comfort; it’s a tangible funding within the rifle’s continued operability and, by extension, the protection and success of its person. Their easy design belies their very important perform, demonstrating how a small device can maintain immense worth within the face of adversity. The understanding of this connection is essential for anybody who depends on the AK-47 in environments the place entry to formal restore amenities is proscribed or nonexistent.

2. Spring Assortment

The sturdiness of the AK-47, although legendary, isn’t impervious to the relentless forces of wear and tear and tear. Springs, the diminutive engines of numerous mechanical actions, typically characterize the weapon’s most susceptible factors. A complete array of those essential elements, due to this fact, types an important lifeline throughout the compact confines of the field-ready implement. With out a dependable assortment of replacements, a seemingly minor failure can render the whole rifle ineffective, a silent testomony to the fragility lurking beneath the floor of its sturdy design.

  • Sear Spring Integrity

    The sear spring, a seemingly insignificant coil of metal, governs the important hyperlink between the set off and the hammer. Its failure, typically manifesting as a weakened or damaged state, ends in an incapability to reliably fireplace the weapon. Contemplate the case of a border patrol unit, ambushed and pinned down. A fractured sear spring transforms a reliable firearm right into a ineffective membership, leaving the person susceptible and uncovered. A substitute spring, sourced from the implement, restores performance and ensures survival.

  • Extractor Spring Resilience

    The extractor spring, answerable for the dependable elimination of spent casings, endures relentless stress with every cycle of the weapon. Its degradation results in ejection failures, stoppages that may show deadly in close-quarters fight. Visualize a particular operations crew engaged in a firefight, their advance stalled by a sequence of jams attributable to a weakened extractor spring. The flexibility to quickly substitute this important part, courtesy of the device’s spring complement, maintains the weapon’s operational tempo and ensures mission success.

  • Recoil Spring Endurance

    The recoil spring absorbs the violent vitality of every shot, making certain the right biking of the motion. A worn or broken spring manifests as elevated recoil, diminished accuracy, and finally, a whole failure to cycle. Think about a marksman, tasked with offering overwatch, watching helplessly as his rifle malfunctions as a result of a failing recoil spring. Entry to a brand new spring, retrieved from the restore useful resource, restores the weapon’s efficiency and permits the marksman to satisfy their important function.

  • Firing Pin Retaining Spring Safety

    This tiny spring secures the firing pin, stopping undesirable ahead motion. Ought to it fail, slamfires can happen, presenting a major security hazard. Image a coaching situation, the place a slamfire injures a recruit as a result of a degraded retaining spring. Substitute from the equipment eliminates the hazard and reinforces security protocols.

The inclusion of a complete spring assortment isn’t an afterthought, however a important recognition of the inherent vulnerabilities inside even probably the most sturdy weapon programs. Every spring, rigorously chosen and meticulously saved, represents a possible return to operability, a safeguard towards the unpredictable realities of the battlefield, or the unforgiving calls for of extended use in austere environments. The presence of those humble coils of metal underscores the understanding that true preparedness lies not solely within the energy of the weapon itself, but additionally within the foresight to anticipate and mitigate its inevitable weaknesses.

3. Cleansing Rod

The slender cleansing rod, typically neglected amidst the extra clearly essential elements throughout the restore assortment, serves because the unsung hero of AK-47 upkeep. Its presence signifies a dedication to the long-term well being and reliability of the rifle, acknowledging that even probably the most rugged firearm succumbs to the corrosive results of neglect. It’s a device that bridges the hole between mere possession and accountable stewardship, a testomony to the understanding that constant care is the value of reliable efficiency.

  • Combating Powder Residue

    Every spherical fired leaves behind a residue of burnt powder, a gritty abrasive that steadily erodes the inner surfaces of the barrel and fuel system. The cleansing rod, fitted with the suitable brush or patch, serves as the first weapon towards this insidious enemy. Contemplate the plight of a conscript soldier, stationed in a damp jungle. Fixed firing, mixed with the pervasive moisture, accelerates the buildup of corrosive residue. With out common cleansing, the rifle’s accuracy diminishes, its biking turns into sluggish, and finally, its lifespan is dramatically shortened. The cleansing rod turns into the soldier’s protection, preserving the weapon’s performance and making certain his continued survival.

  • Eradicating Obstructions

    Within the chaos of fight, and even throughout routine coaching, international objects can discover their manner into the barrel of the AK-47. Mud, sand, snow, and even small bugs can lodge themselves throughout the bore, making a harmful obstruction. Trying to fireside the rifle with such an obstacle can result in catastrophic harm, probably destroying the weapon and injuring the person. The cleansing rod, used with warning and care, permits for the secure elimination of those obstructions, stopping a possible catastrophe. It turns into the instrument of preventative motion, safeguarding each the rifle and its operator.

  • Making use of Lubricants

    The applying of lubricant is crucial for the sleek and dependable operation of the AK-47’s shifting elements. The cleansing rod, with a patch connected, can be utilized to evenly distribute lubricant all through the bore and fuel system, decreasing friction and stopping corrosion. Think about a hunter, monitoring sport within the harsh situations of the arctic wilderness. The intense chilly may cause lubricants to thicken or freeze, hindering the rifle’s motion. Common software of lubricant, facilitated by the cleansing rod, ensures that the weapon stays useful even in probably the most difficult environments. The cleansing rod turns into the conduit for sustaining optimum efficiency, bridging the hole between the rifle and the weather.

The inclusion of a cleansing rod throughout the implement isn’t merely a matter of comfort; it’s a recognition of the basic significance of preventative upkeep. It signifies an understanding that the AK-47, whereas famend for its robustness, requires constant care to keep up its legendary reliability. The cleansing rod, due to this fact, stands as a silent testomony to the dedication to accountable gun possession, a device that transforms a easy firearm right into a reliable companion, able to enduring the take a look at of time and the challenges of the sphere.

4. Damaged Shell Extractor

The damaged shell extractor throughout the AK-47 area restore implement stands as a silent guardian towards a particular, but probably debilitating, malfunction. A spent cartridge, stubbornly lodged throughout the chamber after firing, transforms the weapon from a device of protection into an unwieldy membership. This isn’t merely an inconvenience; in a fight situation, it represents a important failure, exposing the person to grave hazard. The extractor’s function, then, isn’t merely to take away a jammed casing, however to revive the AK-47’s perform within the face of adversity.

Contemplate the account of a border guard stationed alongside a contested frontier. Throughout a shock raid, his AK-47 suffered a stovepipe malfunction a spent casing turned lodged, blocking the chamber. With out a damaged shell extractor, he would have been pressured to both abandon his place or try and clear the jam with improvised instruments, actions that would have confirmed deadly. With the extractor, nevertheless, he rapidly dislodged the offending casing, re-engaged the enemy, and finally defended his put up. This anecdote underscores the sensible significance of this seemingly minor part; it’s a lifeline in conditions the place each second counts.

The inclusion of a damaged shell extractor highlights a deeper understanding of the AK-47’s potential weaknesses. Whereas the rifle is famend for its reliability, it isn’t proof against malfunctions. The extractor ensures that even a comparatively unusual downside, a caught casing, doesn’t render the weapon ineffective. Its presence within the assortment is a testomony to the dedication to preparedness, acknowledging that even probably the most sturdy device requires the means to beat unexpected challenges. The quiet significance of this implement reinforces the worth of a complete restore assortment in safeguarding the operability of the AK-47.

5. Bolt disassembly device

Throughout the compact confines of an AK-47 area restore assortment, the bolt disassembly device typically seems as an unassuming piece of metallic. Its significance, nevertheless, far exceeds its dimension and easy building. The AK-47 bolt, the center of the rifle’s biking mechanism, calls for periodic cleansing and upkeep to make sure dependable operation. With out the proper device, disassembling the bolt for this obligatory care turns into a hazardous and sometimes unattainable activity. The connection is symbiotic: the device allows the upkeep, and the upkeep ensures the rifle’s continued perform in environments the place failure isn’t an possibility.

Tales abound of AK-47s rendered ineffective as a result of uncared for bolt upkeep. Contemplate a patrol working in a sandy surroundings. Fantastic particles infiltrate the bolt meeting, combining with lubricant to kind an abrasive paste. Over time, this will trigger failures to extract, failures to feed, and finally, a whole seizure of the motion. With out a bolt disassembly device, the patrol is left with few choices. They may resort to improvised strategies, risking harm to the bolt and probably rendering the rifle completely inoperable. With the device, nevertheless, they will safely disassemble the bolt, completely clear every part, relubricate, and restore the rifle to full performance. The device acts as a drive multiplier, enabling fundamental upkeep that considerably extends the life and reliability of the firearm.

The inclusion of a bolt disassembly device throughout the implement is a testomony to a complete understanding of AK-47 upkeep. It acknowledges that even probably the most sturdy design requires periodic consideration to element. The device’s presence transforms the restore implement from a set of spare elements right into a system of proactive upkeep, enhancing the person’s capacity to maintain the rifle in operational situation, regardless of the surroundings. This understanding underscores the important connection: The device isn’t merely a part, however an enabler, bridging the hole between a possible failure and continued operability.

6. Firing pin substitute

The firing pin, a slender instrument of detonation, represents a singular level of vulnerability throughout the in any other case sturdy structure of the AK-47. Its fracture precipitates fast incapacitation of the firearm, rendering it ineffective till rectified. On this context, the inclusion of a spare firing pin inside a implement transforms it from a mere assortment of instruments right into a lifeline, a method of restoring operability in moments of important want.

  • Fast Operational Restoration

    The first function of a spare firing pin is to allow the swift restoration of a non-functional AK-47. Contemplate a safety detachment ambushed throughout a patrol. If the lead rifleman’s weapon suffers a damaged firing pin, his fast incapacitation jeopardizes the whole crew. With a available substitute throughout the implement, the rifleman can rapidly restore his weapon to service, minimizing the window of vulnerability and regaining an important tactical benefit.

  • Materials Degradation and Prevention

    Firing pins are topic to fixed stress and impression, leading to gradual materials degradation and eventual failure. The presence of a spare permits for preventative substitute earlier than a fracture happens, extending the lifespan of the unique part and avoiding surprising malfunctions. Think about a distant outpost with restricted resupply capabilities. Common inspection and preventative substitute of the firing pin, facilitated by the included spare, can considerably cut back the chance of weapon failure throughout important operations.

  • Making certain Compatibility in Adversarial Circumstances

    Variations in manufacturing requirements and materials high quality can impression the reliability of firing pins. A spare firing pin included throughout the implement ensures compatibility and ensures constant efficiency, whatever the origin of the AK-47. Image a situation the place a international navy drive is provided with donated AK-47s from varied sources. The implement, containing a standardized spare firing pin, offers a common answer for firing pin failures, simplifying upkeep and bettering general weapon readiness.

  • Coaching and Ability Improvement

    The act of changing a firing pin within the area, utilizing the elements throughout the implement, fosters invaluable technical expertise and promotes a deeper understanding of the AK-47’s inside workings. A recruit present process fundamental coaching advantages from hands-on expertise in firing pin substitute, constructing confidence of their capacity to keep up and restore their weapon in operational environments. This sensible data enhances general fight effectiveness and contributes to a tradition of self-reliance.

These interconnected aspects underscore the important significance of a spare firing pin inside a implement. It transcends mere part substitute, enabling fast operational restoration, selling preventative upkeep, making certain compatibility, and fostering invaluable technical expertise. The firing pin is not only a chunk of metallic; it’s a cornerstone of weapon reliability, and its inclusion within the implement underscores a dedication to preparedness and operational effectiveness.

7. Sight adjustment

The story of efficient marksmanship typically begins with a exact and correct sight image. The AK-47, whereas famed for its reliability, can endure from displaced or misaligned sights as a result of impacts, environmental elements, and even easy put on. The flexibility to right these points within the area, facilitated by the sight adjustment device throughout the implement, transforms the rifle from a weapon of quantity fireplace to 1 able to focused precision. A device absent from the instrument leaves the person reliant on intuition and approximation, of venture that may show lethal.

One recollects the account of a sniper crew working in a mountainous area. Their AK-pattern rifle, outfitted with a magnified optic, sustained a minor fall throughout an infiltration. The impression, although seemingly insignificant, shifted the purpose of impression, inflicting rounds to stray excessive and to the left. With out the flexibility to regulate the sight, their mission, reliant on correct long-range fireplace, would have been compromised. The sight adjustment device, nevertheless, allowed them to rapidly right the misalignment, restoring their capacity to neutralize targets with confidence. This incident illustrates a transparent trigger and impact: misalignment corrected, mission success ensured; misalignment uncorrected, mission failure possible.

The inclusion of a sight adjustment device throughout the AK-47 area implement isn’t merely about correcting inaccuracies; it is about empowering the person to keep up management over their weapon’s efficiency. It represents a dedication to maximizing the rifle’s potential, making certain that each shot counts. Challenges stay in persistently offering instruments calibrated to the precise sights discovered on varied AK-47 variants, but the underlying precept endures: correct sights are paramount, and the implement ought to present the means to realize and keep them. The connection between sight adjustment and the device isn’t merely utilitarian; it’s a elementary component of accountable weapon possession and efficient battlefield efficiency.

8. Gasoline tube upkeep

The fuel tube, a seemingly unassuming cylinder nestled above the barrel of the AK-47, performs a important function within the rifle’s semi-automatic operation. Every firing cycle sends propellant gases surging by this tube, driving the piston that unlocks the bolt and initiates the following spherical. Over time, nevertheless, this fixed publicity to warmth, stress, and corrosive residue takes its toll. Neglect of fuel tube upkeep can result in malfunctions starting from sluggish biking to finish weapon failure, rendering the AK-47 a glorified membership. The inclusion of instruments and elements associated to fuel tube care throughout the area implement underscores an understanding of this very important hyperlink, acknowledging that even probably the most sturdy design requires periodic consideration to element.

Think about a situation: a bunch of insurgents, working in a dusty, arid area. Their AK-47s, subjected to fixed use and rare cleansing, start to exhibit biking points. The fuel tubes, choked with collected carbon and particles, wrestle to ship adequate drive to the piston. One after the other, the rifles start to jam, leaving the fighters susceptible and uncovered. Had they possessed the means to correctly clear and keep their fuel tubes, this situation may need performed out in another way. A easy cleansing brush, a small scraper, or perhaps a solvent-soaked patch, all elements probably discovered throughout the area implement, may have restored the fuel tubes to optimum perform, preserving the reliability of their weapons and, maybe, altering the result of the battle. This cause-and-effect relationship, the direct hyperlink between fuel tube upkeep and operational effectiveness, is a lesson realized in numerous conflicts across the globe.

Subsequently, the presence of instruments for fuel tube upkeep throughout the AK-47 area restore set transcends mere comfort. It acknowledges the important significance of a often-overlooked part, making certain that even in austere situations, the person possesses the means to keep up the rifle’s operational readiness. This foresight transforms the instrument from a easy assortment of substitute elements right into a system of preventative care, extending the lifespan of the firearm and enhancing the possibilities of success in any surroundings. Challenges could exist in offering instruments completely suited to each AK variant, however the precept stays unchanged: fuel tube upkeep is crucial, and the sphere implement ought to present the means to realize it.

9. Spare elements stock

An intensive assortment of spare elements types the very core of any efficient AK-47 implement. These elements aren’t merely replacements; they’re potential lifelines, standing between a useful firearm and a ineffective piece of metallic. The absence of a complete stock transforms a restore instrument into a set of largely symbolic gestures. A damaged firing pin, a worn extractor, a fractured spring these are widespread failure factors, and with out available replacements, the AK-47’s famed reliability crumbles below the load of circumstance. The connection between the implement and its spare elements is considered one of important dependency: the device is barely as efficient because the stock it comprises.

Contemplate the story of a battle photographer, embedded with a militia group in a distant area. His security, and the potential to doc essential occasions, hinged on the reliability of the AK-47 he carried for defense. Sooner or later, throughout a short however intense firefight, the rifle’s extractor snapped. With out a spare, he was left defenseless. Happily, a member of the militia possessed a restore implement with a small, however very important, stock of spare extractors. The rifle was rapidly repaired, and the photographer was capable of proceed his work, documenting the human price of battle. This account highlights the sensible significance of a spare elements stock: it will possibly make the distinction between vulnerability and safety, silence and a voice for the unvoiced. The extent of the stock can even dictate the scope of repairs attainable. Whereas one would possibly discover a substitute for a typical malfunction, discovering the elements for main harm is much less possible.

The challenges in sustaining a complete spare elements stock are quite a few. House is proscribed, elements could be troublesome to supply in sure areas, and the sheer number of AK-47 variants implies that not all elements are universally appropriate. Regardless of these difficulties, a radical and well-organized stock stays paramount. It represents a dedication to preparedness, a recognition that even probably the most rugged firearm requires diligent upkeep, and a understanding {that a} small funding in spare elements can yield huge returns by way of weapon reliability and operational effectiveness. The spare elements stock isn’t an afterthought; it’s the very coronary heart of an efficient implement, connecting idea to follow and remodeling the potential for restore right into a tangible actuality.

Continuously Requested Questions

Within the realm of firearms upkeep, understanding the utilities and limitations of area restore provisions is essential. Beneath are solutions to widespread questions regarding these provisions, drawing on historic context and sensible concerns.

Query 1: What precisely constitutes a area restore complement for the AK-47 platform?

Such a complement is a curated collection of instruments and substitute elements designed to handle widespread malfunctions or upkeep wants of the AK-47 in environments the place entry to a completely outfitted armorer isn’t attainable. Its contents sometimes embody punches, springs, cleansing implements, and small substitute elements. It isn’t a complete armorer’s station, however slightly a targeted answer for addressing fast operational wants.

Query 2: How does one prioritize objects to incorporate, given area limitations?

Prioritization ought to be based mostly on historic failure knowledge for the AK-47. Parts liable to breakage or put on, resembling firing pins, extractor springs, and retaining pins, ought to be given priority. Contemplate the surroundings the place the AK-47 will probably be deployed. Sandy or muddy environments could necessitate a higher emphasis on cleansing implements, whereas chilly climates could require lubricants particularly designed for low-temperature operation.

Query 3: Are these restore provisions an alternative to skilled armorer companies?

No. Discipline restore assets are meant to handle fast wants and restore fundamental performance. Advanced repairs, resembling barrel substitute, receiver repairs, or intricate set off work, ought to at all times be entrusted to a professional armorer. Trying to carry out such repairs within the area with out the required experience and gear could be harmful and will additional harm the firearm.

Query 4: What degree of coaching is required to successfully use these implements?

Fundamental familiarity with the AK-47’s disassembly and reassembly procedures is crucial. Coaching ought to embody hands-on follow in figuring out widespread malfunctions, utilizing the instruments accurately, and safely changing elements. Merely possessing the device doesn’t assure competence; sensible expertise is essential.

Query 5: Can the usage of aftermarket or non-standard elements have an effect on the performance of the equipment?

Sure. Utilizing aftermarket elements can introduce inconsistencies and probably compromise the reliability of the AK-47. When choosing substitute elements for the equipment, it’s essential to prioritize elements that adhere to authentic manufacturing specs. Non-standard elements could not match correctly, could also be manufactured from inferior supplies, or could alter the AK-47’s efficiency traits.

Query 6: What are the important thing authorized concerns concerning possession and use of those instruments and spare elements?

Authorized concerns fluctuate considerably relying on the jurisdiction. Some areas could limit the possession of sure spare elements, resembling receivers or set off elements. It’s the particular person’s duty to pay attention to and adjust to all relevant native, state, and federal legal guidelines concerning the possession, transportation, and use of firearm-related instruments and elements.

The understanding of those factors is vital for anybody counting on the AK-47 in remoted environments. A well-maintained and intelligently utilized implement offers an important layer of safety towards unexpected circumstances.

The subsequent part will delve into particular situations the place the implement proves invaluable, illustrating its sensible purposes in real-world conditions.

Important Fieldcraft

Survival in difficult circumstances typically hinges on preparedness. When reliance is solely on private gear, the flexibility to keep up that gear turns into paramount. This part offers insights gleaned from area experiences and historic analyses, providing steering on maximizing the utility of an AK-47 restore assortment.

Tip 1: Grasp Element Identification: Misidentification below stress results in wasted time and potential misapplication. Spend time familiarizing oneself with every part, even below simulated stress. Think about a state of affairs the place restricted mild hinders visibility; tactile recognition turns into important.

Tip 2: Prioritize Spring Integrity: Springs are frequent failure factors. Earlier than deployment, visually examine all springs throughout the AK-47 and the implement. A barely corroded or deformed spring is a harbinger of future issues. Preemptive substitute, if attainable, mitigates dangers.

Tip 3: Cleansing is Paramount: Neglect accelerates put on. A diligent cleansing routine, utilizing elements from the complement, prevents malfunctions born from collected fouling. Visualize traversing harsh terrain; elevated vigilance is required.

Tip 4: Protect Lubrication: A dry weapon is a susceptible weapon. Make the most of acceptable lubricants, contemplating environmental elements. Excessive chilly necessitates specialised lubricants to stop sluggish operation and even full freeze-up.

Tip 5: Safe Spare Components: Lack of very important elements renders the entire assortment much less efficient. Arrange and safe the implement meticulously, stopping unintentional dislodgement throughout motion or fight.

Tip 6: Apply Beneath Simulated Circumstances: Muscle reminiscence is essential. Apply disassembly, restore, and reassembly below simulated stress, darkness, or restricted visibility. The distinction between preparedness and panic lies in repetition.

Tip 7: Extractors are Essential: Extractors endure immense drive. The flexibility to swiftly substitute a broken extractor is paramount to stopping mission compromise. Visible inspection is a should previous to engagement.

Tip 8: Common inspection earlier than use: Earlier than every mission examine all of the elements within the equipment so you should utilize it when issues go flawed.

Proactive upkeep, diligent follow, and a radical understanding of the AK-47’s vulnerabilities are the cornerstones of profitable area operations. A well-maintained weapon is greater than a device; it’s a image of preparedness and an important component of survival.

The next concluding part will recap the important factors of this dialogue, emphasizing the enduring significance of proactive upkeep and preparedness in making certain the reliability of the AK-47.

A Remaining Line of Protection

The previous dialogue has illuminated the important function of the implements in sustaining the AK-47. From the smallest spring to the important firing pin, every part inside this equipment represents a possible return to operability, a bulwark towards unexpected failures. The flexibility to handle malfunctions within the area isn’t merely a matter of comfort; it’s a matter of survival, mission success, and lasting readiness.

The echo of gunfire fades, the mud settles, and the AK-47, meticulously maintained with the help of its devoted implements, stands prepared as soon as extra. It isn’t a weapon to be uncared for, however a device to be revered, cared for, and relied upon. Ultimately, the sturdiness of the rifle, famend all over the world, is barely pretty much as good because the diligence of its wielder. The choice to embrace preparedness, to know the workings of this iconic firearm, and to keep up implements with vigilance is a alternative that may outline the result of any given second. Select properly.

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